Which term describes substances the body needs in small amounts to perform functions and support health?

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Nutrients
• C. Calories
• D. Fluids

Answer: (B)

Substances the body needs in small amounts to perform functions and support health are called nutrients. This term covers the wide range of essential compounds, including vitamins and minerals (micronutrients) that are required in small amounts, as well as macronutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins that the body uses in larger amounts for energy and building tissue. The clue about “small amounts” points to micronutrients, but they’re all nutrients because they collectively enable metabolism, immunity, growth, and maintenance. The other terms describe parts of nutrition: carbohydrates are a type of nutrient focused on energy; calories are a measure of energy in food; fluids refer to liquids needed for hydration, which are important but don’t define the broader category.