Which option best describes an advanced directive?

• A. Advanced directives
• B. HMO
• C. Care plan
• D. None

Answer: (A)

An advanced directive is a legal document that communicates a person’s wishes for medical treatment if they can’t speak for themselves, and may name someone to make health care decisions on their behalf. This definition captures why the term matches the concept: it’s about planning in advance for how care should be handled, preserving the person’s autonomy when they’re unable to communicate. Examples include a living will, which states preferred or refused treatments, and a durable power of attorney for health care, which designates a decision-maker.

This is different from an HMO, which is a type of health insurance plan, and from a care plan, which outlines routine nursing and caregiving goals and interventions for daily support. When an advanced directive exists, it guides clinicians and family members to honor the patient’s stated preferences.